Describe the Characteristics That Distinguish the Principal Families and Orders of Insects.
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Kingdom – Animals
Phylum – Arthropoda
Grade – Insecta
Orders - Looking at 9 Orders of Insects
1) Protrude Order – Coleoptera
- Family – Beetles
2) Mantid & Cockroach Order – Dictyoptera
- Family – Cockroaches
- Family – Mantids
iii) True Fly Society – Diptera
- Family – True Flies
four) Mayfly Social club – Ephemeroptera
- Family – Mayflies
5) Butterfly & Moth Order – Lepidoptera
- Family – Collywobbles
- Family – Moths
6) Emmet, Bee, & Wasp Order – Hymenoptera
- Family – Ants
- Family – Bees
- Family – Wasps
7) Dragonfly Order – Odonata
- Family – Dragonflies
- Family – Damselflies
8) Grasshopper & Relatives Order – Orthoptera
- Family – Grasshoppers
- Family – Katydids
nine) Stick & Leaf Insect Order – Phasmida
- Family – Stick-Insects
1) Beetle Society – Coleoptera
Examples of Families:
- Carabidae – Ground Beetles
- Coccinellidae - Ladybird Beetles
- Lampyridae - Fireflies
- Gyrinidae - Whirligig Beetles
- Scarabaeidae – Dung Beetles
- Cerambycidae - Long-horned Beetles
The club Coleoptera includes the beetles. This is the largest order that contains the most species.
Wings: They have ii pairs of wings. The outside pair (forewings) are hard and protective. They are called elytra. They split and spread when the insect needs to wing and then the soft wings underneath (hind wings) can exist used.
Mouth Parts: Most accept chewing mouthparts. Some have piercing mouthparts.
Metamorphosis: They undergo complete (complex) metamorphosis.
Significance to Humans: They tin can exist beneficial (i.due east. ladybugs), only some families attack food crops and are considered pests.
two) Mantid & Cockroach Order – Dictyoptera
Examples of Families:
- Mantidae - Praying Mantises
- Hymenopodidae – Orchid Mantid
They have long, thin antennae with many segments.
Wings: They usually accept ii pairs of wings. The forewings are frequently adjusted as tougher coverings and held flat over the dorsum. Some lack wings.
Mouth Parts: They have bitter mouthparts.
Metamorphosis: They undergo incomplete (elementary) metamorphosis with the nymphs looking like small versions of the adults (with underdeveloped wings).
Significance to Humans: Though some are considered pests (cockroaches), many are beneficial (praying mantis) preying on other pest insects.
iii) Truthful Fly Club – Diptera
Examples of Families:
- Tipulidae - Crane Flies
- Culicidae - Mosquitoes
- Tabanidae - Equus caballus Flies
- Tephritidae - Fruit Flies
- Muscidae - House Flies
These are known as the true flies.
Wings: They have one pair of wings - the hind wings are adapted structures chosen halterers which may help with flying.
Mouth Parts: They take piercing and sucking mouthparts. Some are parasites.
Metamorphosis: They undergo complete (complex) metamorphosis.
Significance to Humans: They are considered serious pests. They destroy crops and spread many diseases, including malaria.
four) Mayfly Order – Ephemeroptera
Examples of Families:
- Family – Mayflies
Adults only survive for a couple of days to mate and lay eggs. They hatch from underwater larva and fly above the h2o, mate, lay eggs and die. They have long thread-similar legs and 2 long tail strands.
Wings: They accept two pairs of triangle-shaped wings - the hind wings are much smaller.
Rima oris Parts: Adults practice not consume, so have no mouthparts.
Metamorphosis: They undergo incomplete (simple) metamorphosis.
Significance to Humans: They are harmless to humans and fishing flies made to look like them have helped many fishermen grab fish!
5) Butterfly & Moth Order – Lepidoptera
Examples of Families
- Papilionidae – Swallowtail Butterflies
- Pieridae - Sulfur Butterflies
- Danaidae - Monarch Butterflies
- Lycaenidae - Coppers and Blues (Butterflies)
- Nymphalidae - Mourning Cloak, Painted Lady, Checkerspot Butterflies (castor-footed)
- Saturniidae - Luna Moths
- Sphingidae - Sphinx Moths
- Arctiidae – Isabella (wooly bears) and Tiger Moths
Butterflies and moths are showy and well-known insects. Butterflies are more than normally active in the daytime as opposed to the more nocturnal moths. Moths have more feathered antennae and hairier bodies than collywobbles. Both take larvae that tin be destructive to copse and nutrient crops.
Wings: Every bit adults they have two pairs of big wings covered with protective scales.
Mouth Parts: Adults have sucking mouthparts. Larvae (young stages) have chewing mouthparts.
Metamorphosis: They undergo consummate (complex) metamorphosis.
Significance to Humans: Their young form (larval caterpillars) are considered serious pests and are responsible for ingather destruction. Adults, on the other manus, can exist beneficial pollinators.
6) Emmet, Bee & Wasp Order – Hymenoptera
Examples of Families
- Formicidae - Ants
- Vespidae - Wasps, Yellowjackets, Hornets
- Apidae - Honeybees, Bumblebees
Many have an odd narrow "waist" betwixt the thorax and the belly. Many form colonies with different and distinct roles.
Wings: Some have wings (2 pairs) and some are wingless.
Rima oris Parts: Many have chewing mouthparts (ants), though some take sucking mouthparts (honeybees).
Metamorphosis: They undergo consummate (complex) metamorphosis.
Significance to Humans: Though some have painful and venomous stings (wasps), many are very important and benign pollinators (bumblebees).
7) Dragonfly Lodge – Odonata
Examples of Families
- Libellulidae - Mutual Skimmer Dragonflies
- Aeshnidae - Darner Dragonflies
- Coenagrionidae - Narrow-winged Damselflies
Their young (larvae) are called naiads and live in the water (aquatic), and so adults are found around wet areas where they will mate and lay eggs. They are predators with large eyes for spotting prey and stiff flying for catching prey. Dragonflies hold their wings flat and out from their bodies, while damselflies hold their wings together and pulled into the body.
Wings: They have 2 pairs of long wings.
Mouth Parts: They have chewing mouthparts. Naiads have piercing mouthparts for catching underwater prey.
Metamorphosis: They undergo incomplete (simple) metamorphosis.
Significance to Humans: They feed on insects (especially mosquitoes), and so are considered beneficial.
eight) Grasshoppers & Relatives Lodge – Orthoptera
Examples of Families
- Tettigoniidae - Katydids
- Gryllidae - Crickets
- Acrididae - Grasshoppers
Their back legs are usually large and congenital for jumping.
Wings: They take two pairs of long wings, though some have no wings.
Oral cavity Parts: They have chewing mouthparts.
Metamorphosis: They undergo incomplete (elementary) metamorphosis with the nymphs looking like pocket-size versions of the adults (with underdeveloped wings).
Significance to Humans: They can exist very destructive to crops.
nine) Stick and Leaf Insect Order – Phasmida
Examples of Families
- Heteronemiidae - Mutual Walkingsticks
They have very long, stick-like bodies with long legs and antennae. They are so well inconspicuous that they movement slowly on their food plants and are rarely seen past predators.
Wings: Virtually adults in North America are wingless (tropical forms may accept wings).
Oral fissure Parts: They take chewing mouthparts.
Metamorphosis: They undergo incomplete (elementary) metamorphosis with the young looking like small versions of the adults.
Significance to Humans: They can be very subversive to some tree species.
Other Insect Orders
Collembola - Springtails
Dermaptera - Earwigs
Diplura Two - Pronged Bristle-tails
Embiopter - Spider web Spinners
Grylloblatodea
Hemiptera - Truthful Bugs
Isoptera - Termites
Mallophaga - Biting Lice
Mecoptera - Scorpionflies
Neuropter - Lacewings
Plecoptera - Stoneflies
Psocoptera - Bark and Volume Lice
Siphonaptera - Fleas
Siphunculata - Sucking Lice
Thysanoptera - Thrips
Thysanura - Silverfish
Trichoptera - Caddis Flies
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